The solution to chess is almost certainly a draw, since this is what all top engine chess converges to. Otherwise you are completely correct: chess is unsolved and will likely never be solved.

We are heading into a period with severe labor shortages as the elderly retire. Who will take care of the elderly? Who will handle be their doctors/nurses? This is not a problem that can be solved with money unfortunately. You need to either relax migration rules so foreigners take these jobs (very unpopular atm) or increase the retirement age.

You misunderstand. I do not take issue with anything that’s written in the scientific paper. What I take issue with is how the paper is marketed to the general public. When you read the article you will see that it does not claim to “proof” that these models cannot reason. It merely points out some strengths and weaknesses of the models.

I mean… “proving” is also just marketing speak. There is no clear definition of reasoning, so there’s also no way to prove or disprove that something/someone reasons.

Again, mtf or any transgender issue can be solved with birth certificates. It doesn’t require genetic testing. Genetic testing is targeted at humans that according to all our traditional laws and practices are treated as female, yet may potentially be banned from female sports.

What are you talking about? This is not about transgender at all. For those you could require a birth certificate. This is targeting women that are born as girls but, due to genetic anomalies, do not appear as such on genetic tests. Many (most?) would never discover the genetic anomaly during their lifetime.

This answer makes no sense. Sound comes in waves with crests and throughs. In a controlled setting you can harmonize which effectively matches crests to crests and throughs to throughs. This happens in music with choirs, orchestra etc. In that case indeed sounds adds up.

However, with many random sources at many random frequencies you just get chaotic patterns where sound sometimes cancels out and sometimes adds up. No way that the overall result of this is that it adds up in dB. My first approximation would be that if one source emits 1dB and another also emits 1dB, these roughly add up to 1dB.

A very easy test of this is whether you now hear a very loud buzzing in your ear because at this very moment many people talk at the same time. I guess you know the answer.

Isn’t there a warrant for their arrest in Florida? I believe they were there for two nights and on one of these nights he raped someone. I think he went back to Romania to escape US jail.

Yes indeed. You should ask your parents about the aunts and uncles you would have had if only smartphones had been invented 2 decades earlier. I am sure they will have tons of stories to tell /s.

Lol… yes my classmates died en masse.

Doesn’t that take a ton of CPU/Memory?

I wonder if it’s really a computer issue or a more general lack of problem-solving skills. In your 20s you should still easily and quickly be able to switch to any OS and understand the logic. If you don’t the issue is likely not limited to computer-skills.

GNI still gives a slightly better measure of income which is what OP was asking for. For instance if an American gets dividend income from a foreign company that’s part of GNI but not GDP, and vice versa if a US company pays dividends to a foreign shareholder. But yeah in practice all of this will be negligible.

Real GDP is adjusted for inflation. That’s what the term Real means. Nominal GDP is not adjusted. I always think that reporting should primarily focus on real GNI per capita, which is slightly more informative than real GDP, but in practice I think the differences won’t be shocking.

There is a variable called Gross National Income (GNI) corrected for inflation which is likely the variable Wolfers refers to. You can report it, but it will not be very different from GDP corrected for inflation which the media writes about all the time. Essentially production =income except for some small nuances.

Very nice explanation and only nitpicking, but saying that Thorium is much much safer than uranium implies that uranium nuclear plants are unsafe. In reality uranium nuclear power has one of the best safety records in energy production.

Just to be clear, such a change to the birth certificate should NEVER happen if the person involved does not agree with it. It would 100 percent violate the Hippocratic Oath, as it can be very harmful.

Fair. I think my point was related to what makes sense in any reasonable social setting, not what is the exact biological definition which appears to be more of a scientific question.

Just to be clear on this, in my opinion anyone born with a vagina who wants to identify as a woman, should be treated as such. That’s if you have grown up thinking you were a woman, such an identity cannot be taken away.

There are only two reasonable definitions. One is: born with genitalia that look female (i.e. female on birth certificate). The other is “identifies as”. Both of these could be important in different contexts.

Your definition has the downside that the government would have to check your medical records to determine gender. That is an insane breach of the medical records.

To be honest, I am completely lost on why the focus is on universities. Germany has factories that make actual weapons used to kill Palestinians. They can sell those weapons because the government allows it. In fact the German government could easily force universities to stop working with their Israel counterparts as they have done with institutions from e.g. Iran or NK. Why focus your efforts on people that try to learn and people that try to teach? It’s really baffling to me.