“Cryptocurrency is one of the worst inventions of the 21st century. […] It has failed to be a useful currency, invented a new class of internet abuse, further enriched the rich, wasted staggering amounts of electricity, hastened climate change, ruined hundreds of otherwise promising projects, provided a climate for hundreds of scams to flourish, created shortages and price hikes for consumer hardware, and injected perverse incentives into technology everywhere. Fuck cryptocurrency.”
I had to change my bank earlier this year because the old one insisted on a stupid app. However the EU directive does not by itself require such apps, it is rather that the banks find them convenient and thus now under the cover of this new legeslation try to switch everyone over.
My mistake, then. I’ve contacted every bank in my country and for online purchases they either want you to install an app or to sign up on a third party website I’ve never heard of. Because of this I had assumed this is now practiced everywhere in Europe.
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The new legislation AFAIK says that banks require some sort of 2FA for such transactions. This is IMHO a sensible requirement for security. The problem is really that most banks have a horribly outdated IT infrastructure and thus try to outsource this to external app developers or services.
At least here some banks still offer 2fa via SMS. Not the most secure, but works on nearly any device.